diff --git a/doc/whatsnew/fragments/10707.bugfix b/doc/whatsnew/fragments/10707.bugfix
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cd82216b74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/whatsnew/fragments/10707.bugfix
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Fix crash for ``consider-using-assignment-expr`` when a variable annotation without assignment
+is used as the ``if`` test expression.
+
+Closes #10707
diff --git a/pylint/extensions/code_style.py b/pylint/extensions/code_style.py
index d8ea869cb9..40c54d816e 100644
--- a/pylint/extensions/code_style.py
+++ b/pylint/extensions/code_style.py
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ def _check_prev_sibling_to_if_stmt(
             case nodes.Assign(
                 targets=[nodes.AssignName(name=target_name)]
             ) | nodes.AnnAssign(target=nodes.AssignName(name=target_name)):
-                return target_name == name  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
+                return target_name == name and prev_sibling.value is not None
         return False
 
     @staticmethod
diff --git a/tests/functional/ext/code_style/cs_consider_using_assignment_expr.py b/tests/functional/ext/code_style/cs_consider_using_assignment_expr.py
index 62f5ba7a9b..aba15bd2e4 100644
--- a/tests/functional/ext/code_style/cs_consider_using_assignment_expr.py
+++ b/tests/functional/ext/code_style/cs_consider_using_assignment_expr.py
@@ -157,3 +157,8 @@ class A:
 A.var = 2
 if A.var:
     ...
+
+
+i: int
+if i:  # pylint: disable=used-before-assignment
+    pass