diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index ad246e48c8..e5633d7984 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org). Thia is a
 
 ### Fixed
 
+- Protected ranges and insert/delete rows/columns. [Issue #4695](https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/issues/4695) [PR #4702](https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/pull/4702)
 - Unexpected Exception in Php DateTime. [Issue #4696](https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/issues/4696) [Issue #917](https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/issues/917) [PR #4697](https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/pull/4697)
 
 ## 2025-10-25 - 5.2.0
diff --git a/src/PhpSpreadsheet/ReferenceHelper.php b/src/PhpSpreadsheet/ReferenceHelper.php
index be6539806e..65cb5e61bf 100644
--- a/src/PhpSpreadsheet/ReferenceHelper.php
+++ b/src/PhpSpreadsheet/ReferenceHelper.php
@@ -330,15 +330,37 @@ protected function adjustMergeCells(Worksheet $worksheet): void
     protected function adjustProtectedCells(Worksheet $worksheet, int $numberOfColumns, int $numberOfRows): void
     {
         $aProtectedCells = $worksheet->getProtectedCellRanges();
-        ($numberOfColumns > 0 || $numberOfRows > 0)
-            ? uksort($aProtectedCells, [self::class, 'cellReverseSort'])
-            : uksort($aProtectedCells, [self::class, 'cellSort']);
-        foreach ($aProtectedCells as $cellAddress => $protectedRange) {
-            $newReference = $this->updateCellReference($cellAddress);
-            if ($cellAddress !== $newReference) {
-                $worksheet->unprotectCells($cellAddress);
-                if ($newReference) {
-                    $worksheet->protectCells($newReference, $protectedRange->getPassword(), true);
+        /** @var CellReferenceHelper */
+        $cellReferenceHelper = $this->cellReferenceHelper;
+        if ($numberOfRows >= 0 && $numberOfColumns >= 0) {
+            foreach ($aProtectedCells as $key2 => $value) {
+                $ranges = $value->allRanges();
+                $newKey = $separator = '';
+                foreach ($ranges as $key => $range) {
+                    $oldKey = $range[0] . (array_key_exists(1, $range) ? (':' . $range[1]) : '');
+                    $newKey .= $separator . $this->updateCellReference($oldKey);
+                    $separator = ' ';
+                }
+                if ($key2 !== $newKey) {
+                    $worksheet->unprotectCells($key2);
+                    $worksheet->protectCells($newKey, $value->getPassword(), true, $value->getName(), $value->getSecurityDescriptor());
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            foreach ($aProtectedCells as $key2 => $value) {
+                $range = str_replace([' ', ',', "\0"], ["\0", ' ', ','], $key2);
+                $extracted = Coordinate::extractAllCellReferencesInRange($range);
+                $outArray = [];
+                foreach ($extracted as $cellAddress) {
+                    if (!$cellReferenceHelper->cellAddressInDeleteRange($cellAddress)) {
+                        $outArray[$this->updateCellReference($cellAddress)] = 'x';
+                    }
+                }
+                $outArray2 = Coordinate::mergeRangesInCollection($outArray);
+                $newKey = implode(' ', array_keys($outArray2));
+                if ($key2 !== $newKey) {
+                    $worksheet->unprotectCells($key2);
+                    $worksheet->protectCells($newKey, $value->getPassword(), true, $value->getName(), $value->getSecurityDescriptor());
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Worksheet/ProtectedRangeTest.php b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Worksheet/ProtectedRangeTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4210518b59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PhpSpreadsheetTests/Worksheet/ProtectedRangeTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheetTests\Worksheet;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+
+class ProtectedRangeTest extends TestCase
+{
+    public function testInsertRow1(): void
+    {
+        $spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
+        $sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();
+        $sheet->protectCells('B2:D4 J2:L4 F2:H4', name: 'ProtectedBlock1');
+        $sheet->protectCells('M2:O4 Q7:R9 T1:T3');
+        $sheet->protectCells('B8 C9 D1', name: 'ProtectedBlock3');
+        $sheet->insertNewRowBefore(2);
+        $ranges = $sheet->getProtectedCellRanges();
+        $rangeKeys = array_keys($ranges);
+        self::assertSame(
+            [
+                'B3:D5 J3:L5 F3:H5',
+                'M3:O5 Q8:R10 T1:T4',
+                'B9 C10 D1',
+            ],
+            $rangeKeys
+        );
+        self::assertSame('ProtectedBlock1', $ranges[$rangeKeys[0]]->getName());
+        self::assertSame('ProtectedBlock3', $ranges[$rangeKeys[2]]->getName());
+        $spreadsheet->disconnectWorksheets();
+    }
+
+    public function testRemoveRow1(): void
+    {
+        $spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
+        $sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();
+        $sheet->protectCells('B2:D4 J2:L4 F2:H4');
+        $sheet->protectCells('M2:O4 Q7:R9 T1:T3', name: 'ProtectedBlock2');
+        $sheet->protectCells('B8 C9 D1 E3');
+        $sheet->removeRow(3);
+        $ranges = $sheet->getProtectedCellRanges();
+        $rangeKeys = array_keys($ranges);
+        // PhpSpreadsheet has methods to merge cell addresses in a row,
+        // but not in a column. So the results here are not as concise as
+        // they might be, but they are nevertheless accurate.
+        self::assertSame(
+            [
+                'B2:B3 C2:C3 D2:D3 F2:F3 G2:G3 H2:H3 J2:J3 K2:K3 L2:L3',
+                'M2:M3 N2:N3 O2:O3 Q6:Q8 R6:R8 T1:T2',
+                'B7 C8 D1',
+            ],
+            $rangeKeys
+        );
+        self::assertSame('ProtectedBlock2', $ranges[$rangeKeys[1]]->getName());
+        $spreadsheet->disconnectWorksheets();
+    }
+}